更新linux内核linux-image-6.6.13+bpo-amd64和linux-headers-6.6.13+bpo-common后无法进入图形化界面，nvidia驱动版本535.154.05，nvidia官方驱动
/var/log/Xorg.log日志如下
[ 3.834] (--) Log file renamed from "/var/log/Xorg.pid-1145.log" to "/var/log/Xorg.0.log"
[ 3.835]
X.Org X Server 1.21.1.7
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[ 3.835] Current Operating System: Linux debian 6.6.13+bpo-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.6.13-1~bpo12+1 (2024-02-15) x86_64
[ 3.835] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-6.6.13+bpo-amd64 root=/dev/mapper/debian--vg-root ro quiet
[ 3.835] xorg-server 2:21.1.7-3+deb12u5 (https://www.debian.org/support)
[ 3.835] Current version of pixman: 0.42.2
[ 3.835] Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
[ 3.835] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[ 3.835] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Sun Mar 31 01:48:53 2024
[ 3.835] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[ 3.836] (==) No Layout section. Using the first Screen section.
[ 3.836] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults.
[ 3.836] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0)
[ 3.836] (**) | |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
[ 3.836] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".
Using a default monitor configuration.
[ 3.836] (==) Automatically adding devices
[ 3.836] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[ 3.836] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[ 3.836] (==) Automatically binding GPU devices
[ 3.836] (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1fffff
[ 3.837] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[ 3.837] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 3.838] (==) FontPath set to:
/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi,
built-ins
[ 3.838] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[ 3.838] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.
If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.
[ 3.838] (II) Loader magic: 0x55be26b88f00
[ 3.838] (II) Module ABI versions:
[ 3.838] X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[ 3.838] X.Org Video Driver: 25.2
[ 3.838] X.Org XInput driver : 24.4
[ 3.838] X.Org Server Extension : 10.0
[ 3.839] (++) using VT number 7
[ 3.839] (II) systemd-logind: logind integration requires -keeptty and -keeptty was not provided, disabling logind integration
[ 3.839] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[ 3.839] (II) Platform probe for /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0
[ 3.840] (--) PCI: (0@0:2:0) 8086:a780:1462:7e01 rev 4, Mem @ 0x6203000000/16777216, 0x4000000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x00006000/64
[ 3.840] (--) PCI:*(1@0:0:0) 10de:2882:7377:2100 rev 161, Mem @ 0x81000000/16777216, 0x6000000000/8589934592, 0x6200000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x00005000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/524288
[ 3.840] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[ 3.841] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[ 3.845] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 3.845] compiled for 1.21.1.7, module version = 1.0.0
[ 3.845] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 10.0
[ 3.960] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 0
[ 3.960] (==) Matched nv as autoconfigured driver 1
[ 3.960] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 2
[ 3.960] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 3
[ 3.960] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 4
[ 3.960] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[ 3.960] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
[ 3.961] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so
[ 3.962] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 3.962] compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 1.0.17
[ 3.962] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 3.962] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[ 3.962] (II) LoadModule: "nv"
[ 3.962] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nv
[ 3.962] (EE) Failed to load module "nv" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 3.962] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[ 3.962] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
[ 3.963] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 3.963] compiled for 1.21.1.7, module version = 1.21.1
[ 3.963] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 3.963] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[ 3.963] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[ 3.963] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[ 3.963] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 3.963] compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 0.5.0
[ 3.963] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 3.963] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[ 3.963] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[ 3.963] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
[ 3.964] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 3.964] compiled for 1.21.1.3, module version = 2.5.0
[ 3.964] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 3.964] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[ 3.964] (II) NOUVEAU driver Date: Sat Jan 23 12:24:42 2021 -0500
[ 3.964] (II) NOUVEAU driver for NVIDIA chipset families :
[ 3.964] RIVA TNT (NV04)
[ 3.964] RIVA TNT2 (NV05)
[ 3.964] GeForce 256 (NV10)
[ 3.964] GeForce 2 (NV11, NV15)
[ 3.964] GeForce 4MX (NV17, NV18)
[ 3.964] GeForce 3 (NV20)
[ 3.964] GeForce 4Ti (NV25, NV28)
[ 3.964] GeForce FX (NV3x)
[ 3.964] GeForce 6 (NV4x)
[ 3.964] GeForce 7 (G7x)
[ 3.964] GeForce 8 (G8x)
[ 3.964] GeForce 9 (G9x)
[ 3.964] GeForce GTX 2xx/3xx (GT2xx)
[ 3.964] GeForce GTX 4xx/5xx (GFxxx)
[ 3.964] GeForce GTX 6xx/7xx (GKxxx)
[ 3.964] GeForce GTX 9xx (GMxxx)
[ 3.964] GeForce GTX 10xx (GPxxx)
[ 3.964] (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms
[ 3.964] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
[ 3.964] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
[ 4.084] (EE) [drm] Failed to open DRM device for pci:0000:01:00.0: -19
[ 4.084] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
[ 4.084] (II) modeset(1): using default device
[ 4.084] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 4.084] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 4.085] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 4.085] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 4.085] compiled for 1.21.1.7, module version = 0.0.2
[ 4.085] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[ 4.085] (EE) Unable to find a valid framebuffer device
[ 4.085] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
[ 4.085] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 4.085] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 4.085] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 4.085] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 4.085] compiled for 1.21.1.7, module version = 0.0.2
[ 4.085] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 25.2
[ 4.085] (II) FBDEV(3): using default device
[ 4.085] vesa: Refusing to run on UEFI
[ 4.085] (II) modeset(G0): using drv /dev/dri/card0
[ 4.085] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 4.085] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 4.085] (EE) Screen 1 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 4.085] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[ 4.085] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 4.085] (EE)
Fatal server error:
[ 4.085] (EE) Cannot run in framebuffer mode. Please specify busIDs for all framebuffer devices
[ 4.085] (EE)
[ 4.085] (EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
[ 4.085] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[ 4.085] (EE)
[ 4.087] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.
/var/log/syslog
2024-03-31T01:48:53.738648+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Initializing...
2024-03-31T01:48:53.741893+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Starting...
2024-03-31T01:48:53.741975+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Logind interface found
2024-03-31T01:48:53.742315+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Adding new display on vt 7 ...
2024-03-31T01:48:53.743407+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Loading theme configuration from ""
2024-03-31T01:48:53.743429+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Display server starting...
2024-03-31T01:48:53.743444+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Adding cookie to "/var/run/sddm/{f2fed3f9-5abc-4e3f-bff9-35dc3e8c25a3}"
2024-03-31T01:48:53.745574+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Running: /usr/bin/X -nolisten tcp -auth /var/run/sddm/{f2fed3f9-5abc-4e3f-bff9-35dc3e8c25a3} -background none -noreset -displayfd 17 -seat seat0 vt7
...
2024-03-31T01:48:54.011107+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Failed to read display number from pipe
2024-03-31T01:48:54.011211+08:00 debian sddm[1101]: Could not start Display server on vt 7
难道楼主要我告诉你，run驱动，更新内核，要卸载run驱动，再安装一次。
也许你应该检查 dmesg 日志，看上去是闭源驱动的内核模块没有加载成功。
检查你的 nvidia 驱动 dkms 模块是否注册成功，更新内核后 dkms 是否构建成功。
感谢提醒，忘记没开dkms了